Vitamins are energy-building nutrients that contribute to sound nutritional health. Water, on the other hand, is responsible for carrying necessary nutrients and removing waste products throughout our body. A human body is made out of mostly water and is critical to our health. Similarly, minerals and electrolytes are essential to human health and can be obtained in our diet from different foods. When humans are too sick to consume a regular diet, digestion and absorption may impact the supply of necessary nutrients, requiring specialized nutritional support to meet their nutritional needs.

After studying Module 4: Lecture Materials & Resources, read the case study and answer the prompts:

Sharyn Bartell is a 24-year-old student who suffered multiple fractures when she fell from a cliff when hiking. As a result of the accident, she is immobile, in traction, and had a small bowel resection. She is able to keep her head up to 45 degrees. Sharyn used to weigh 140 pounds but has lost 8 pounds since the accident. The healthcare team agrees that Sharyn will need a feeding tube before her nutritional status deteriorates any further.

1. Navigate the web, research a high protein formula that can be administered via feeding tube and share 1) name of formula, 2) nutrient composition, and 3) indications for use.
2. Navigate to the Oley Foundation: Dietary Recommendations for Patients with Intestinal Failure – Oley FoundationLinks to an external site., read “Physiological Considerations” and discuss in at least one paragraph with two (2) effects of the small bowel resection on Sharyn’s fluid and electrolyte balance.
3. Navigate to the Oley Foundation: Living with Enteral Feeds – Oley FoundationLinks to an external site. and provide two (2) physical or psychosocial adjustments Sharyn will have to make when living with a feeding tube.

Submission Instructions:

• Your initial post should be at least 400 words, formatted, and cited in the current APA style with support from the textbook and sources provide

** need turnitin report , NO AI***

 

Find a published research study on a topic that you could use for your DNP project that used a chi-square test and find this information from the study:

• Give the purpose/objective/aim of the study exactly as it is written in the study.
  • What is the population in the study?
  • What is the independent (treatment or intervention) variable (IV)?
  • What is the dependent (outcome) variable (DV)? If there are multiple dependent variables, choose only one for the focus of this discussion.
  • What is its level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio)? Is it a categorical or continuous variable? You can determine this as you read the Methods section of the report for how the DV is measured.
• If a hypothesis was stated in the article for the independent t-test, give it here and label it as a Ho or Ha. Write the stated hypothesis as an equation. Write the other hypothesis (the Ho or Ha that was not given) in words and an equation. If a hypothesis was not stated, then restate the purpose/objective/aim as a null hypothesis in words and equation format. Do this for both a null and alternative hypothesis. Again, focus on only one independent variable and one dependent variable. Use the format for the chi-square equation provided on p. 301 of Kim et al. (2022) and the handout attached to the announcement this week.
• What are the assumptions for the chi-square test (Kim et al., 2022, p. 301)? Are they met in this study? Provide information given in the study that can be used to determine whether each assumption is or is not met. What information is not given?
• What alpha level (level of significance) was used?
• What are the groups that were tested?
• Give the frequencies for the outcome variable for the groups.
•  Give the chi-square statistic and p-value for the difference in frequencies for the DV.
• Specifically state the p-value rule for the results of this study to determine whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.
• Based on the decision made about the null hypothesis, what type of error is possible (Kim et al., 2022, pp. 131-132 and Table 7-2)
• What are the usual causes of this type of error? Are any of them present in the methodology for this study?
• The effect size for chi-square results is reported as a Phi or Cramer’s V statistic (Kim et al., (2022), pp. 308-309. Give this value, if given in the study, and interpret what it means in terms of the magnitude or clinical meaningfulness (clinical significance) of the result. If not given, determine the clinical significance of the difference in frequencies by using your knowledge, critical thinking, and experience with your patients and setting. Would you incorporate the intervention or treatment into your practice? Is your evaluation of the clinical significance of the findings consistent with the statistical significance for the findings and the value of the effect size? Explain your rationale.

L.R. is a 28-year-old female patient who was evaluated at the clinic because she presented thin and white vaginal discharged which was increased after sexual intercourse. 

The vaginal discharge has a pH of 5.2, positive KOH test and clue cells (more than 40% of epithelial cells) on microscopic examination.

• List your Primary diagnosis with ICD 10 number.
• Discuss three differential diagnoses for AUB with ICD 10 numbers for each. 
• Discuss patient education.
• Develop the management plan (pharmacological and nonpharmacological). 

Once you received your case number; answer the specific question on the table above. Then, continue to discuss the 3 topics listed below for your case:

1. An effective health assessment incorporates not only physiological parameters; please suggest other parameters that should be considered and included on health assessments to reach maximal health potential on individuals.
2. Name the different family developmental stages and give examples of each one.
3. Describe family structure and function and the relationship with health care.

Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.