The Role of Supply and Demand in the Healthcare Economy 2

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 During the COVID-19 pandemic, people saw major disruptions to supply lines throughout the country. Nowhere was this more evident than in the healthcare industry. Among the biggest impact was the disruption in supply lines related to personal protective equipment (PPE) and patient care needs (e.g., beds, ventilators, and medications). Use your text as a resource to complete the following assignment as well as one other resource from the library. Please cite your sources.

  • Describe the concept of supply and demand and how it relates to the provision of healthcare.
  • Once the concept of supply and demand has been explained as it relates to healthcare explain how the pandemic contributed to major shortages of needed supplies and equipment.
  • Imagine yourself as a leader of a provider group of some type (e.g., surgery center, orthopedic group, general practitioner’s office). Indicate some of the supply shortages that your group may see in a similar scenario in the future. How can these be offset or averted?
  • Identify, evaluate, and present a strategy that healthcare leaders can implement to avoid real-world supply chain disruption in the future.

Stakeholder Analysis

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Identify the stakeholder’s role/position in your organization.

PN 3

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You have learned a lot during your training to become a Registered Nurse. At this point in your education, where do you see yourself as a nurse? What unit would you like to work in and why?

To be able to care for patients, you must be able to care for yourself. What are some practices you plan to implement to help you care for yourself and why?

CASE STUDY 2

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Case Study #2

DKA 

Mrs. S is a 28-year-old patient, with a 12-year history of type I diabetes mellitus. Her husband states that she has had a “bad cold” for several days. Yesterday she stayed in bed and slept all day. She was “too ill” to check her blood sugar, and since she was not really eating, she did not take her insulin. This morning, she was not able to stand up and vomited twice. A Gram stain of Mrs. S’s blood contains gram-positive cocci in clusters. Her admission vital signs are: BP = 90/60; HR = 118 bpm (sinus tachycardia); RR = 32/min; T = 102.3° F; O2 sat via pulse oximetry = 96%. Her serum glucose is 398 mg/dl, and she is positive for serum ketones. She is admitted with a diagnosis of DKA.

Her baseline ABGs on 2 L of oxygen are: pH = 7.25; PCO2 = 28; HCO3 = 14; PaO2 = 92; O2 sat = 96%. Her respirations are deep, rapid, and labored. She has bronchial breath sounds in the right axillary area. There is bilateral chest expansion and no evidence of cyanosis.

A regular insulin bolus is given, and a regular insulin drip is initiated. Mrs. S’s IV fluids are infusing at 800 ml/hr. Her vital signs after 2 hours in the unit are: BP = 120/70; HR = 78 bpm (normal sinus rhythm); RR = 22/min; O2 sat = 100%. Her serum glucose is 250 mg/dl and serum potassium is 4.0 mEq/L. She is more alert and is feeling hungry.

  1. What is insulin’s function in the body? What is the most significant basic defect in the development of DKA?
  2. What is the cause of Ms. S experiencing DKA?  Describe the pathophysiologic rationale for your answer.
  3. List the classic signs and symptoms of DKA. Which signs and symptoms did Ms. S experience? What are the pathophysiologic causes of these signs and symptoms?
  4. What is an anion gap? Why is the anion gap important to follow in the treatment of DKA?
  5. What acid base disturbance is Ms. S experiencing? What compensatory mechanisms are in effect at this time?
  6. What is the primary nursing diagnosis for Ms. S.? What are the goals for treatment (both independent and collaborative)? What interventions are imperative to initiate immediately? What interventions are important within the next 12-24 hours?
  7. What are potential lab abnormalities for a patient in DKA?
  8. What nursing considerations are important in planning Ms. S’s discharge?
  9. Discuss the American Association of Critical Care Nurses (AACN) Synergy Model and how this concept would be important in this patient’s care.

Replies week 7 MSN 5550

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  Reply to  these posts with a reflection of their response.Minimun 200words each one 

1. In this week’s discussion, I was able to: Integrate nursing and related sciences into the delivery of care to patients. I was also able to analyze quality initiatives to improve patients’ health outcomes.

     Alternative and Complementary medicines are considered health-cultured practices, that are not part of traditional medicine and that have been part of the holistic culture of the populations. They are used as an alternative or in addition to traditional medical treatments with the goal of improving patients’ outcomes (Lee, Richard, et al., 2022). Alternative and Complementary medicines can include therapies such as dietary supplements, herbs, acupuncture, Chinese medicine, yoga, reiki, ayurvedic medicine, complementary supplements, etc (Adeniyi, Washington, et al., 2021). The reasons for using these alternative methods can be many: Cultural, religious, economic, etc. However, as many people use it most of the time, it is important to analyze this point and share our opinion on this matter.

     It is well-known that many people from the general population are used to taking self-prescribed natural treatments. In the first term, we can name herbal medications. In general culture and even in religion, people believe that herbs have a good effect in the treatment of some diseases such as hypertension or Diabetes Mellitus. Many people think that herbs were created by God in order to provide natural treatment for diseases. Actually, many people believe that herbal medicines are better choices as they don’t have undesirable effects at all. Some people prefer to take natural medication rather than medical treatments, as they think that pharmacological preparations are made of chemical and artificial ingredients that can be harmful to the body. Moreover, people trust natural treatments for cancer, as it is thought that they can potentially inhibit oncology cell growth. However, researchers have determined that about 80% of the patients do take their pharmacological treatment in addition to a natural treatment (Adeniyi, Washington et, al. 2021). However, there are some natural treatments that, in addition to pharmacological treatment, can cause adverse effects, for example, ginkgo can increase the anticoagulant effect; ginseng and some teas can decrease the anticoagulant effect (Izzo 2005). Other natural treatments such as exercises, meditation, yoga, and acupuncture, are also used and well-known as coadjuvants to release stress and that way help improve clinical condition.

     In conclusion, the healthcare team needs to accept that alternative and natural treatments are part of the culture and religion of the population. So it is very important to establish a good and trustable relationship with the patient, so he/she can feel confident enough to tell the healthcare provider about the alternative treatments that are been taken, as sometimes they can help, but sometimes they can be harmful. In the end, a closed and trustable relationship with the patient and a good assessment is the basis for the best possible outcomes.

2. The allopathic or conventional medicine is practiced by doctors and health personnel. Complementary medicine refers to the practice of medicine that complements conventional medicine, that is, it is used in conjunction with conventional medicine. An example includes the use of acupuncture in pain management. Alternative medicine, on the other hand, is the use of complementary and alternative medicine as a replacement for traditional medicine

Complementary and alternative medicine are very varied. Within them, we find natural products related to botanical medicine and probiotics. We also find mind and body therapy, such as meditation techniques, yoga, acupuncture, hypnotherapy, and deep relaxation exercises, among others.

In the treatment of cancer, it has been proven that the use of complementary and alternative therapy has been useful in managing the patient’s symptoms. However, it is not considered a miraculous medicine in the cure of cancer; it simply helps, in conjunction with conventional medicine, to manage some symptoms that cancer patients experience. For example, acupuncture treatment can help alleviate symptoms related to pain, therapeutic massages have been shown according to some research studies to reduce depression, pain, and depressive anxiety disorders related to cancer disease (American Cancer Society, 2019). However, some harmful health effects and interactions with medications have been shown, especially in treatment with botanical medicine, so it is recommended that your doctor be notified of its use before starting treatment to avoid drug interactions and potential harm to health (American Cancer Society, 2019).

Holistic medicine, unlike conventional medicine, is not focused on treating diseases as allopathic medicine does. Rather, it is preventative medicine, although it can be integrated with allopathic medicine in some instances. Holistic medicine is based on the fact that illnesses appear as a consequence or result of environmental, physical, social and/or emotional imbalances (Cannon, 2023). Therefore, its essence is to heal the body and mind with alternative therapies to maintain their balance and prevent the onset of illness. Holistic medicine dates back to ancient times, and after the appearance of conventional medicine, it was somewhat abandoned. However, in around the 1960s in Europe and America, the properties of holistic medicine regained popularity. An example of this is homeopathy, which can be used to recover body vitality as holistic medicine, but it can also be used as an adjunct treatment to allopathic medicine. The use of phytotherapy has had great success in the management of certain diseases, such as those of the immune system, favoring healing.

In the management of high blood pressure and diabetes, the practice of natural medicine plays a fundamental role as an adjunct to integrated medicine; even natural medicine can be used as a technique for the prevention of these diseases. The practice of a balanced and healthy diet, daily physical exercise, relaxation techniques and stress management are determining factors in the prevention of arterial hypertension, cancer, and diabetes. Other natural medicine can be used, for example omega 3 is an essential oil that can be used to prevent special hyperlipidemia in patients with chronic disease.

Both allopathic and holistic medicine have an important role on patient care, and together, they can give the best result in the management of the disease. As a provider, we need to offer the patient different option to treat their condition, but we need to be respectful of patients’ autonomy in their decision.

case study 6

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2

Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Middle-Aged White Male With Anxiety

Middle aged male

 

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

The client is a 46-year-old white male who works as a welder at a local steel fabrication factory. He presents today after being referred by his PCP after a trip to the emergency room in which he felt he was having a heart attack. He stated that he felt chest tightness, shortness of breath, and feeling of impending doom. He does have some mild hypertension (which is treated with low sodium diet) and is about 15 lbs. overweight. He had his tonsils removed when he was 8 years old, but his medical history since that time has been unremarkable. Myocardial infarction was ruled out in the ER and his EKG was normal. Remainder of physical exam was WNL.

He admits that he still has problems with tightness in the chest and episodes of shortness of breath- he now terms these “anxiety attacks.” He will also report occasional feelings of impending doom, and the need to “run” or “escape” from wherever he is at.

In your office, he confesses to occasional use of ETOH to combat worries about work. He admits to consuming about 3-4 beers/night. Although he is single, he is attempting to care for aging parents in his home. He reports that the management at his place of employment is harsh, and he fears for his job. You administer the HAM-A, which yields a score of 26.

Client has never been on any type of psychotropic medication.

MENTAL STATUS EXAM

The client is alert, oriented to person, place, time, and event. He is appropriately dressed. Speech is clear, coherent, and goal-directed. Client’s self-reported mood is “bleh” and he does endorse feeling “nervous”. Affect is somewhat blunted, but does brighten several times throughout the clinical interview. Affect broad. Client denies visual or auditory hallucinations, no overt delusional or paranoid thought processes readily apparent. Judgment is grossly intact, as is insight. He denies suicidal or homicidal ideation.

You administer the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) which yields a score of 26.

Diagnosis: Generalized anxiety disorder

RESOURCES

§ Hamilton, M. (1959). Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Psyctests, doi:10.1037/t02824-0

Decision Point One

Select what you should do:

Begin Paxil 10 mg po daily

Begin Imipramine 25 mg po BID

Begin Buspirone 10 mg po BID

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Discussion questions

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1. Because the patient’s reported hallucinations are not persecutory, as a clinician, what medications would you start with?

2. What treatments (pharmacological and non-pharmacological) are most effective for patients with extensive trauma history?

3. What symptoms could be co-occurring in relation to PTSD vs schizophrenia for this patient?  

Q&A

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Answer the following questions:

1. What is a suffix? Write an example of its use.

2. What is a prefix? Write an example of its use.

3. What is the definition of word root? Write an example of its use.

3. What is an eponymous? Write three examples.

4. What is an acronym? Write an example.

5. What is an initialism in Nursing? Write an example.

6. What is a combining form? Write an example.

7. When do you use a combining vowel? Write an example.

8. What is a number prefix? Write three examples of its use in medical terminology.

9. What are the other four levels of body organization that follow after the cellular level? 

10. Make a list of the systems that form the human body.

political

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A Bloated Bureaucracy and an Inclusive Supreme Court

Discussion

Required Resources

Read/review the following resources for this activity:

· Textbook: Chapter 13, 14

· Lesson: Read this Week's Lesson which is located in the Modules tab

· Initial Post: minimum of 2 scholarly sources (must include your textbook for one of the sources). Follow-Up Post: minimum of 1 scholarly source for your Follow-Up Post.

· Your Initial Post and your Follow-Up Post must be based on the same Option that you chose in order to receive credit for both posts. 

Initial Post Instructions

For the initial post, respond to one of the following options, and label the beginning of your post indicating either Option 1 or Option 2:

·
Option 1: How does the bureaucracy affect your life, and thus, your freedom as an ordinary citizen? In what ways does it hinder or help your life? Do you see the bureaucracy as an effective aspect in your life or do you see issues with the bureaucracy as it stands? Why/why not? List one issue you would change concerning the bureaucracy and how you would remedy the issue.

·
Option 2: Identify a recent decision by the U.S. Supreme Court and discuss the nature of the case and the basis of the argument the Supreme Court used to reach the decision. Explain why you agree or disagree with the ruling?

Be sure to make connections between your ideas and conclusions and the research, concepts, terms, and theory we are discussing this week.

Follow-Up Post Instructions

Respond to the same Option you chose for your Initial Post (i.e., if you chose Option 1 for your Initial Post, your Follow-Up Pst should also be for Option 1). Respond to at least one peer. Further the dialogue by providing more information and clarification. Minimum of 1 scholarly source which can include your textbook or assigned readings or may be from your additional scholarly research.

Ebook:
https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9780135246849/pageid/11

The Struggle for Democracy, 2018 Elections and Updates Edition

Or
[email protected]

PWD: Bryanthierry@09

Nursing Assignment

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Preparing the Assignment

1. Review the elements included in PICOT questions to guide evidence-based nursing practice. 

2. Respond to the questions below using the 

PICOT Question Worksheet TemplateLinks to an external site.


 Download PICOT Question Worksheet Template
.

3. Using a minimum of 3 scholarly nursing sources, current within 5 years:  

· Identify and describe one practice-related issue or concern.  You may choose to build on the practice issue you identified in NR500NP/NR501NP. 

· Explain why the issue/concern is important to nurse practitioner practice and its impact on health outcomes. 

· Describe each element of your PICOT question in one or two sentences, being sure to address all of the following: 

·
P-Population and problem– What is the nursing practice concern or problem and whom does it affect? 

·
I–Intervention– What evidence-based solution for the problem would you like to apply? 

·
C–Comparison– What is another solution for the problem? Note that this is typically the current practice, no intervention at all, or alternative solutions.  

·
O–Outcome– Very specifically, how will you know that the intervention worked? Think about how you will measure the outcome. 

·
T–Time frame– What is the Timeframe involved for the EBP initiative or the target date of completion?

· Construct your PICOT question in the standard PICOT question format (narrative) and define each letter separately, such as:  

· P =  

· I =  

· C =  

· O =  

· T =  

· PICOT question written in full =

1. Abide by the Chamberlain College of Nursing Academic Integrity Policy.  

2. At the graduate level, we like to see you synthesizing your ideas into your own words. No direct quotes may be used in this worksheet. 

3. Use APA formatting guidelines for references and citations.

· Using the area of interest identified in the Week 1 discussion, address the following:

· Draft a PICOT question using the standard quantitative PICOT format. 

· Identify your practice question, being sure to include the following information and describe each part of the PICOT question in detail:

· Population 

· Intervention 

· Comparison 

· Outcome 

· Time 

In ________(Population) what is the effect of ___________(Intervention) in comparison to ___________ (Comparison) on _____________ (Outcome) to be completed over __________ (Time).