evidence based

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NUR640 Week 1 Assignment 1.2 Page 1

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Assignment Title: Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome (PICO)

Step 1 for your Evidence-Based Practice Mini-Project (Research Proposal)


Assignment Overview:

For your Evidence-Based Practice Mini-Project Step 1, you will submit your PICO question, identify 5 research articles from Levels of Evidence I-V, and write the following for your Mini-Research Proposal: Your introduction, Problem Statement, Purpose Statement, Significance of your Mini-Research Proposal, your Research Question, and which theory supports your Mini-Research Proposal.

Deliverables:

The final copy of your Step1 Mini-Research Proposal assignment is due on or before Sunday at 11:59pm just before Week 2 begins, at the latest. Be sure to use the file naming protocol: NUR640_EBP Step 1_last name_mmddyyyy.

Assignment Details:

For this assignment, you will write part of Section 1 of your Mini-Research Proposal. Use the discernment gained from your Week 1 Discussion of identifying a problem or area of interest and writing a PICO question as a basis for beginning your Section 1. Review Chapter 2 (Manuscript Structure and Content) and Chapter 3 (Writing Clearly and Concisely) from the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.).

Note, you will submit a 2-3 page paper plus your Title Page and Reference Page that clearly identifies the following areas:

1) PICO Question;

2) 5 Research articles with Levels of Evidence of I-IV;

3) Your introduction, problem statement, purpose statement, and significance of your Mini-Research Proposal, along with the theory undergirding your PICO and Problem statement.

PICO Question: Describe the Problem/Population (P); Your Intervention (I); your Comparison (C), and Outcomes (O).

Research Articles (5) between I-IV Levels of Evidence with APA reference citation. Identify the level of evidence of each article after the reference citation that goes at the end of this Assignment submission.

Introduction, Problem Statement, Purpose Statement, and Significance of your Mini-Research Proposal. Your
problem statement provides an overview of your Mini-Research Proposal topic and a clear statement of the need for this Mini-Research Proposal topic. The 5 articles that you have selected should provide rationale for the need for this Mini-Research Proposal. Your
purpose statement justifies the need for your Mini-Research Proposal and is supported in the literature. The
significance of your Mini-Research Proposal is clearly stated and supported by the literature. The
research question is clearly presented. Your selected
theory may be based on pathophysiology, a nurse theory, or from any health-related discipline.

Note: Your Step 1 of the Mini-Research Proposal should have an introduction and summary of what you have written.

Grading: Each part of your Mini-Research Proposal has a grading rubric. All submissions should have a title page and reference page. Each Section of the Mini-Research Proposal will then be added together the Week 5 assignment, which will be graded again with a new rubric that includes your best revision based on detailed weekly instructor feedback. Points will be lost if suggestions are not incorporated into the final Week 5 Submission of your Mini-Research Proposal. (See Week 5 Assignment rubric).

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customer service ip4

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  • Find 2 articles, one that describes how customer service excellence is measured and the other on how continuous improvement can be practiced. 
    • These articles need to be verified to be valid and from a source that can be used in academic writing.

Starting the Informative Speech

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APA FORMAT. 

THEY CHECK FOR PLAGERISM.

INSTRUCTIONS IN THE ATTACHMENT 

D.Saa Cultural Wk 1

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After completing the cultural assessment evaluation for self-reflection, share the results with your classmates. How did you rate based on the scoring system?  Is there any room for improvement? There is nothing to be shy about if your score was not optimal. 

  • In your own words, how do you define culture? 
  • What strategies do you plan to implement to enhance your cultural understanding? 
  • Do you have any thoughts on the social determinants of health?

I HAVE ATTACHED THE ASSESSMENT EVAL FORM I COMPLETED WITH THE SCORE, PLEASE USE THAT TO ANSWER THE POST ABOVE.

SDOH

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SDOH:  https://health.gov/healthypeople/priority-areas/social-determinants-health 

informatics

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Identify at least 3 key concepts from the selected part of the textbook and provide clear and correct explanations. Writing shows a clear logical link between those concepts. Synthesize information from multiple sources (lectures, readings, activities) and derive a conclusion in your own words. The terminology used is clearly defined. Notes: – The reflection should be 500-600 words. – A part of points will be taken off for each criterion that was not met. – A late submission will be subjected to a point reduction each day after the deadline until it runs down to zero.

discussion 4 diversity

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After studying Module 4: Lecture Materials & Resources, discuss the following:

The St. Fleur family is well respected in the Haitian community because they are religious with great moral values. They moved to the United States because of political issues in Haiti. Ronald, the youngest son of this family, is 27 years old and lives at home with his mother and father. Recently, he began having fevers and subsequently developed pneumonia. He was admitted to the hospital, where laboratory tests were HIV positive. Ronald was in shock when the doctor informed him that he was HIV positive. He confessed to the doctor that he was gay, but he could not tell his family. He said that he did not want to bring shame to the family. Because he couldn’t be in a formal relationship disowning to his family and the Haitian community’s view of homosexuality, he has been very promiscuous over the years.

  1. What are Haitians’ views of homosexuality?
  2. If Ronald’s parents were to learn of his positive HIV status, how might they react if they are religious and traditional?
  3. Identify three major culturally congruent strategies a healthcare provider can implement to address HIV prevention practices in the Haitian community?

Submission Instructions:

  • Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.  Your initial post is worth 8 points.
  • You should respond to at least two of your peers by extending, refuting/correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts. Your reply posts are worth 2 points (1 point per response.) 
  • All replies must be constructive and use literature where possible.
  • Please post your initial response by 11:59 PM ET Thursday, and comment on the posts of two classmates by 11:59 PM ET Sunday.
  • You can expect feedback from the instructor within 48 to 72 hours from the Sunday due date. 

SOAP NOTE

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 Soap Note 1 “ADULT”  Wellness check up (10 points) 

In the Module 4 Discussion, you considered how professional nurses can become involved in policy-making.

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 In the Module 4 Discussion, you considered how professional nurses can become involved in policy-making. A critical component of any policy design is evaluation of the results. How comfortable are you with the thought of becoming involved with such matters? 

Response

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Respond to this DB using APA and include at least 2 scholarly references.

. Competing Needs in Healthcare Policy Development: Addressing the National Healthcare Issue of Rising Costs

         The United States faces a critical challenge in the form of escalating healthcare costs, which have profound implications for care delivery and patient outcomes. Crafting effective healthcare policies to address these rising costs is a complex process influenced by various competing needs, including those of the workforce, available resources, and patients. 

                                                    Competing Needs in Healthcare Policy Development

         The development of healthcare policy is a multifaceted process that requires the careful consideration of various competing needs, primarily concerning three key stakeholders: the healthcare workforce, available resources, and patients.

The Workforce

         A primary concern in healthcare policy development is the well-being and satisfaction of the healthcare workforce. Nurses, physicians, and other healthcare professionals are essential for delivering quality care. Policies that fail to address the workforce’s needs can lead to burnout, decreased job satisfaction, and, ultimately, a shortage of healthcare providers (Milliken, 2018).

Resources

         Another critical factor in healthcare policy development is the allocation of resources. These resources encompass financial budgets, medical equipment, hospital facilities, and research funding. Competing needs emerge when policymakers must strike a balance in resource allocation between different healthcare sectors, such as primary care, specialty care, and mental health services.

Patients

        The ultimate goal of healthcare policy is to improve patient outcomes and ensure equitable access to care. Policies that do not prioritize patient needs can result in disparities in healthcare access and quality. Patients require affordable care, timely access to services, and assurance of their safety and well-being (American Nurses Association, 2015).

                                              Impacts of Competing Needs on Rising Healthcare Costs

         Rising healthcare costs pose a significant national healthcare issue that is profoundly influenced by the following competing needs discussed below.

Workforce Needs

         Healthcare professionals are indispensable for care delivery. However, addressing the workforce’s needs, such as fair compensation, manageable workloads, and a supportive work environment, often necessitates increased spending. This can directly contribute to rising healthcare costs as salaries and benefits for healthcare workers constitute a substantial portion of healthcare expenditures (Kelly & Porr, 2018). For example specialized settings like psychiatric hospitals, attracting and retaining mental health professionals is challenging due to the demanding nature of the work. To meet the workforce’s needs, policymakers may need to allocate additional funds for competitive salaries and mental health support programs.

Resource Allocation

         Effective resource allocation is crucial for managing rising healthcare costs. When resources are thinly spread across various healthcare sectors, inefficiencies, care delays, and increased costs can result. For instance, underinvestment in preventive care and community-based services can lead to higher costs associated with treating preventable chronic conditions for example, to address the escalating costs of psychiatric hospitals, policymakers may need to allocate resources for community mental health programs and early intervention services. This can help prevent hospitalizations and reduce the overall financial burden on the healthcare system.

Patient-Centered Care

         Policies that do not adequately prioritize patients’ needs can exacerbate healthcare costs. Patients who lack access to affordable care may delay seeking treatment, leading to more severe health issues and increased long-term costs. Furthermore, a lack of emphasis on preventive care can result in higher expenses associated with treating advanced illnesses for example, to address rising costs and ensure patient-centered care, policymakers may need to implement policies that expand access to affordable healthcare, including mental health services. This could involve subsidizing insurance premiums or increasing the availability of Medicaid programs.

                                                                   Addressing Competing Needs through Policy

         Effectively addressing the national healthcare issue of rising costs while considering the competing needs of the workforce, resources, and patients necessitates the implementation of several targeted strategies.

Workforce Support

         Policymakers should prioritize workforce needs by ensuring fair compensation, manageable workloads, and access to mental health support programs. This can help reduce turnover, enhance job satisfaction, and ultimately contribute to cost containment.

Resource Optimization

         Resource allocation should be evidence-based, maximizing efficiency and cost-effectiveness. This may involve investing in preventive care, telemedicine, and outpatient services to reduce the need for costly hospitalizations.

Patient-Centered Reforms

         Healthcare policies should prioritize patient needs, including affordability, accessibility, and safety. Expanding coverage options, implementing price transparency, and promoting preventive care can help reduce overall healthcare costs and enhance patient outcomes.

Interdisciplinary Collaboration

         Collaboration between healthcare professionals, policymakers, and healthcare administrators is essential. Interdisciplinary teams can develop and implement policies that effectively balance competing needs, drawing on diverse perspectives to find innovative solutions.

         Regular Review and Adjustment: Healthcare policies should remain dynamic and subject to regular review and adjustment. This allows policymakers to adapt to changing healthcare landscapes and emerging challenges while continuously optimizing resource allocation.

                                                                                                  Conclusion

         The development of healthcare policy is a multifaceted process influenced by competing needs, including those of the workforce, resources, and patients. Rising healthcare costs present a significant national healthcare issue, and addressing these competing needs is crucial to finding sustainable solutions. Ethical considerations, as outlined in the American Nurses Association’s Code of Ethics, play a pivotal role in ensuring that policies prioritize patient well-being, equitable access to care, and the support of healthcare professionals. By strategically balancing these competing needs and implementing targeted policy reforms, the healthcare system can work toward containing rising costs while delivering high-quality, patient-centered care.

                                                                                                   References

American Nurses Association. (2015). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. https://www.nursingworld.org/coe-Links to an external site. 

               view-only

Berwick, D. M., & Hackbarth, A. D. (2012). Eliminating waste in US health care. JAMA, 307(14), 1513-1516.     

              doi:10.1001/jama.2012.362

Cutler, D. M., & Sahni, N. R. (2013). If slow rate of health care spending growth persists, projections may be off by $770 billion.

               Health Affairs, 32(5), 841-850. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2012.1258

Kelly, P., & Porr, C. (2018). Ethical nursing care versus cost containment: Considerations to enhance RN practice. Online   

               Journal of Issues in Nursing, 23(1), Manuscript 6. doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol23No01Man06.

Milliken, A. (2018). Ethical awareness: What it is and why it matters. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 23(1), Manuscript 1.

               doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol23No01Man01.

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